Effect of Blended Learning on Students’ Learning Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis

(1) Universitas Bengkulu, Indonesia
(2) Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
(3) Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia

Copyright (c) 2021 Herman Lusa, Adnan Adnan, Yurniawati Yurniawati
Article Metrics→ |
Abstract
Effect of Blended Learning on Students’ Learning Outcomes: A Meta-analysis. Objective: This research aims to determine the effect of blended learning implementation in Indonesia between 2016-2020. Methods: This is a meta-analysis study and 27 articles met the criteria analyzed by Revman 5.4. This study reported effect size of blended learning on learning outcomes consisting of subgroups of education levels (elementary school, junior high school, senior high school, vocational education, and college) and subgroups of learning outcomes (knowledge, thinking ability, and attitude). Findings: The theoretical effect size score of Standard Mean Difference or SMD = 1.01 (95% CI [0.802– 1.20). P < 0.00001) for blended learning compared to conventional. Subgroup analysis obtained a high category effect size for Blended Learning’s application according to the level of education and learning achievement. Except for the effect size for attitudes belongs to the moderate category. Conclusion: This study concluded that Blended Learning positively affects knowledge mastery, thinking ability, motivation, and learning independence at all levels of education.
Keywords: blended learning, learning outcomes, education level.
DOI: 10.23960/jpp.v11.i2.202113
References
Al-Samarraie, H., & Hurmuzan, S. (2018). A review of brainstorming techniques. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 27, 78–91.
Al-Shami, S. A., Aziz, H., & Rashid, N. (2018). Retracted: The adoption of MOOC utilization among undergraduate students in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTEM). Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 10(6S), 2634–2654.
Akhmalia, N. L., Suana, W., & Maharta, N. (2018). Efektivitas Blended Learning berbasis LMS dengan model pembelajaran inkuiri pada materi fluida statis terhadap penguasaan konsep siswa [Effectiveness of LMS-based blended learning with inquiry learning model on static fluid material to mastery of student concepts]. JIPFRI (Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Fisika dan Riset Ilmiah), 2(2), 56–64.
Anggraeni, A., Supriana, E., & Hidayat, A. (2019). Pengaruh Blended Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SMA pada materi suhu dan kalor [The effect of blended learning on the critical thinking ability of high school students on the material of temperature and heat]. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan, 4(6), 758–763.
Atmacasoy, A., & Aksu, M. (2018). Blended learning at pre-service teacher education in Turkey: A systematic review. Education and Information Technologies, 23(6), 2399–2422.
Awaludin, F., Abidin Arief, Z., & Lubis, M. (2018). Strategi pembaruan agraria [Agrarian renewal strategy]. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Teknologi, 13(10), 185–196.
Baragash, R. S., & Al-Samarraie, H. (2018). Blended learning: Investigating the influence of engagement in multiple learning delivery modes on students’ performance. Telematics and Informatics, 35(7), 2082–2098.
Bernard, R. M., Borokhovski, E., Schmid, R. F., Tamim, R. M., & Abrami, P. C. (2014). A meta-analysis of blended learning and technology use in higher education: From the general to the applied. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 26(1), 87–122.
Boelens, R., De Wever, B., & Voet, M. (2017). Four key challenges to the design of blended learning: A systematic literature review. Educational Research Review, 22, 1–18.
Brown, M. G. (2016). Blended instructional practice: A review of the empirical literature on instructors’ adoption and use of online tools in face-to-face teaching. Internet and Higher Education, 31, 1–10.
Ceylan, V. K., & Elitok Kesici, A. (2017). Effect of blended learning to academic achievement. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(1), 308.
Chai, C. S., Deng, F., Tsai, P. S., Koh, J. H. L., & Tsai, C. C. (2015). Assessing multidimensional students’ perceptions of twenty-first-century learning practices. Asia Pacific Education Review, 16(3), 389–398.
Chew, E., Jones, N., & Turner, D. (2008). Critical review of the blended learning models based on Maslow’s and Vygotsky’s educational theory. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 5169, 40–53.
Dakhi, O., Jama, J., Irfan, D., Ambiyar, & Ishak. (2020). Blended learning: A 21st-century learning model at college. International Journal of Multi Science, 1(2), 17–23.
Daulay, K. R., Mulyono, M., & Mariani, M. (n.d.). Perbedaan kemandirian belajar siswa antara model blended learning berbasis masalah dan konvensional di SMP [Difference in student learning independence between problem-based and conventional blended learning models in junior school]. Paradikma: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 13(2).
Fisher, D. (2017). Peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis mahasiswa calon guru matematika melalui blended learning dengan strategi probing prompting [Improved mathematical reasoning skills of prospective math teacher students through blended learning with probing-prompting strategies]. Symmetry: Pasundan Journal of Research in Mathematics Learning and Education, 2(1), 78–86.
Friesen, N. (2012). Defining blended learning. Learning Spaces.
Herlandy, P. B., & Novalia, M. (2019). Penerapan e-learning pada pembelajaran komunikasi dalam jaringan dengan metode blended learning bagi siswa SMK [Application of e-learning to online communication learning with blended learning methods for vocational students]. Journal of Education Informatic Technology and Science, 1(1), 24–33.
Kashefi, H., Ismail, Z., Mirzaei, F., Tak, C. C., Wan Obeng, S. N., & Ching, T. Y. (2018). Teaching and learning theories applied in mathematics classroom among primary school teachers. Proceedings of the 2017 7th World Engineering Education Forum (WEEF 2017), 607–612.
Klentien, U., & Wannasawade, W. (2016). Development of blended learning model with virtual science laboratory for secondary students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 217, 706–711.
Krasnova, T. (2015). A paradigm shift: Blended learning integration in Russian higher education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 166, 399–403.
Krismadinata, U. V., Jalinus, N., Rizal, F., Sukardi, P. S., Ramadhani, D., Lubis, A. L., ... & Novaliendry, D. (2020). Blended learning as instructional model in vocational education: Literature review. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11B), 5801–5815.
Laurillard, D. (2015). Thinking about blended learning. A paper for the Thinkers in Residence Programme. Higher Education in the Digital Era: A Thinking Exercise in Flanders, 7–33.
Lestari, H. (2020). Literasi sains siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran blended learning dengan blog [Student science literacy through the application of blended learning model with blog]. Naturalistic: Jurnal Kajian Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 4(2b), 597–604.
Mahariyanti, E., & Hidayat, S. (2020). Efektivitas penggunaan blended learning dengan platform Quipper School terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik mata pelajaran biologi kelas XI MIPA di SMAN 2 Selong [Effectiveness of blended learning use with Quipper School platform against learning outcomes of biology subjects class XI MIPA at SMAN 2 Selong]. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 6(3), 295–307.
Mamahit, C. E. J. (2021). Pengaruh pembelajaran jarak jauh model bauran terhadap hasil belajar dan persepsi mahasiswa [The effect of the blended learning model on student learning outcomes and perceptions]. Polyglot: Jurnal Ilmiah, 17(1), 67.
Manggabarani, A. F., Sugiarti, & Masri, M. (2016). Pengaruh model pembelajaran blended learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Pitumpanua Kab. Wajo (Studi pada materi pokok sistem periodik unsur) [Influence of blended learning model on motivation and learning outcomes of students of class X State High School 1 Pitumpanua Kab. Wajo]. Jurnal Chemica, 17(2), 83–93.
Maryam, I. (2018). Pengaruh blended learning berbantuan Microsoft Mathematic terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif [The effect of blended learning on Microsoft Mathematic’s thinking ability]. Jurnal Pendidikan Surya Edukasi, 4(2), 23–34.
Maskar, S., Dewi, P. S., & Puspaningtyas, N. D. (2020). Online learning & blended learning: Perbandingan hasil belajar metode daring penuh dan terpadu [Online learning & blended learning: Comparison of full and integrated online method learning outcomes]. Prisma, 9(2), 154.
Murray, J., Campbell, A., Hextall, I., Hulme, M., Jones, M., Mahony, P., Menter, I., Procter, R., & Wall, K. (2009). Research and teacher education in the UK: Building capacity. Teaching and Teacher Education, 25(7), 944–950.
Mustapa, M. A. S., Ibrahim, M., & Yusoff, A. (2015). Engaging vocational college students through blended learning: Improving class attendance and participation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 204, 127–135.
Mutaqin, A., Marethi, I., & Syamsuri. (2016). Model blended learning di program studi pendidikan matematika Untirta [Blended learning model in Untirta mathematics education study program]. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 134–141.
Nieuwoudt, J. E. (2020). Investigating synchronous and asynchronous class attendance as predictors of academic success in online education. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 36(3), 15–25.
Nirmala, S. P., & Dodik, A. D. (2020). Studi literatur model blended learning pada berbagai e-learning dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar pendidikan vokasi/kejuruan [Literature studies blended learning models on various e-learnings in improving vocational/vocational education learning outcomes]. Jurnal It-Edu, 05(01), 182–194.
Nugraha, S. A., Sudiatmi, T., & Suswandari, M. (2020). Studi pengaruh daring learning terhadap hasil belajar matematika kelas IV [How to influence online learning on grade IV math learning outcomes]. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 1(3), 265–276.
Olsson, T., Jarusriboonchai, P., Wózniak, P., Paasovaara, S., Väänänen, K., & Lucero, A. (2020). Technologies for enhancing collocated social interaction: Review of design solutions and approaches. Computer Supported Cooperative Work: CSCW: An International Journal, 29(1–2), 29–83.
Patrick, S., & Sturgis, C. (2015). Maximizing competency education and blended learning: Insights from experts. CompetencyWorks Issue Brief. International Association for K-12 Online Learning.
Pitaloka, E. D., & Suyanto, S. (2019). Keefektifan blended-problem based learning terhadap pemecahan masalah pada materi ekologi [Effectiveness of blended-problem based learning on problem solving in ecological materials]. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 4(5), 640–647.
Putri, A. K., & Bukit, N. (2020). Efek pembelajaran blended learning terhadap hasil belajar fisika siswa SMA Negeri 1 Pangkalan Susu [Effect of blended learning on the results of physics study of state high school students 1 Pangkalan Susu]. Jurnal Ikatan Alumni Fisika Universitas Negeri Medan, 6(2), 30–35.
Ramdhani, T., Suharta, I. G. P., & Sudiarta, I. G. P. (2020). Pengaruh model pembelajaran hybrid learning berbantuan Schoology untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas XI SMAN 2 Singaraja [Influence of Schoology assisted hybrid learning model to improve math learning achievement of class XI SMAN 2 Singaraja]. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Undiksha, 11(2), 2613–9677.
Rao, S. V. D. N., & Sreejith, U. (2014). Event study methodology: A critical review. The Macrotheme Review, 3(1), 40–53.
Riantika, R. F. P., & Mukminan. (2019). Efektivitas model pembelajaran blended learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar geografi pada materi litosfer kelas X SMA [Effectiveness of blended learning model to improve geography learning outcomes in grade X high school in litosfer materials]. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 4(2), 1723–1729.
Sari, D. P. S., Nurdiana, A., & Noviyana, H. (2019). Pengaruh model blended learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VIII semester genap SMP Dewi [Effect of blended learning model on mathematical problem solving skills of students of grade VIII]. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika STKIP PGRI Bandar Lampung.
Septiyan, I., Anriani, N., & Hendrayana, A. (2020). Perbandingan model discovery learning dan blended learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis [Comparison of discovery learning and blended learning models to mathematical problem solving skills]. Journal of Medives: Journal of Mathematics Education IKIP Veteran Semarang, 4(2), 359–374.
Setiawan, A., Putra, D. R., Sujalwo, S., & Cahyo, A. N. (2020). Development of Moodle-based learning media using blended learning methods in graphic design subject. International Journal on Informatics for Development, 8(2), 52.
Simarmata, J., Purba, J. P., Djuanda, E. A., Learning, B., & Belajar, H. (2016). Implementasi model pembelajaran berbasis blended [Implementation of blended-based learning model]. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Inovasi dan Teknologi Informasi, 11–12.
Sudiarta, I. G. P., & Sadra, I. W. (2016). Pengaruh model blended learning berbantuan video animasi terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan pemahaman konsep siswa [The effect of animated video-aided blended learning model on problem solving ability and concept understanding of students]. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 49(2), 48.
Tsai, C. W., Shen, P. D., & Chiang, I. C. (2020). Investigating the effects of ubiquitous self-organized learning and learners-as-designers to improve students’ learning performance, academic motivation, and engagement in a cloud course. Universal Access in the Information Society, 19(1), 1–16.
Tsaniyah, S. F., Ayu, H. D., & Pratiwi, H. Y. (2019). Pengaruh model blended learning menggunakan schoology terhadap prestasi belajar ditinjau dari kemandirian belajar siswa [The influence of blended learning models using schoology on learning achievement is reviewed from students’ learning independence]. Terapan Sains & Teknologi, 1(1), 71–77.
Umiyati, M. (2020). Meningkatkan pencapaian mahasiswa pada mata kuliah corpus linguistik melalui penerapan blended learning [Improving student achievement in corpus linguistics courses through the application of blended learning]. Unika Atma Jaya, 16–18.
Van de Oudeweetering, K., & Voogt, J. (2018). Teachers’ conceptualization and enactment of twenty-first century competences: Exploring dimensions for new curricula. The Curriculum Journal, 29(1), 116–133.
Vo, H. M., Zhu, C., & Diep, N. A. (2017). The effect of blended learning on student performance at course-level in higher education: A meta-analysis. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 53, 17–28.
Wahyuni, R., & Nurhayati, N. (2019). Kemandirian belajar mahasiswa melalui blended learning pada mata kuliah matematika ekonomi [Student learning independence through blended learning in economics mathematics courses]. Al-Qalasadi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, 3(2), 76–81.
Wahyuni, S. (2018). The effect of blended learning model towards students’ writing ability. Sri. Journal of English for Academic, 5(2), 97–111.
Wong, L., Tatnall, A., & Burgess, S. (2014). A framework for investigating blended learning effectiveness. Education and Training, 56(2), 233–251.
Yanti, F. N., Sugiharta, I., & Farida, F. (2019). Analisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis: Dampak blended learning menggunakan Edmodo [Analysis of mathematical problem solving skills: The impact of blended learning using Edmodo]. Desimal: Jurnal Matematika, 2(2), 173–180.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View My Stats