Email this article Cultivating Green Entrepreneurs: A Project-Based Learning Module to Foster Environmental Awareness and Entrepreneurship in Primary Schools
), Agung Hartoyo(2), Asriah Nurdini Mardiyyaningsih(3), Christiyanti Aprinastuti(4), Dona Fitriawan(5), Stevanus Widuri Nursusanto(6), Ricka Tesi Muskania(7)
| 
Country:
(1) Department of Magister of Elementary School Teacher Education, Tanjungpura University, Indonesia
(2) Department of Magister of Elementary School Teacher Education, Tanjungpura University, Indonesia
(3) Department of Magister of Elementary School Teacher Education, Tanjungpura University, Indonesia
(4) Department of Geometry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Hungary
(5) Department of Mathematics Education, Tanjungpura University, Indonesia
(6) Department of Technical and Vocational Education Study Program, Graduate School, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
(7) Department of Elementary Education, Tanjungpura University, Indonesia
Corresponding Author
Cultivating Green Entrepreneurs: A Project-Based Learning Module to Foster Environmental Awareness and Entrepreneurship in Primary School. Objectives: This research and development aimed to develop a valid, practical, and effective project module product for teaching entrepreneurship and raising environmental awareness, which is crucial for grade V students. This study investigated how a project-based learning module can foster environmental awareness and entrepreneurship character among fifth-grade students. Methods: This study was implemented at Toho State Elementary School, a rural school in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, facing environmental and economic sustainability challenges. This study used the Research and Development (R&D) method by adopting the ADDIE model. The module was to involve students in project activities that combine environmental care with opportunities to earn a living, in line with the local wisdom of the Dayak tribe in Toho. The module was validated by six experts in media, module design, and materials before field testing and implementation with teachers and students at SD Negeri 10 Toho. Participants included students, teachers, and expert validators involved in module testing. Environmental and entrepreneurship character were assessed using observation rubrics and pre–posttest. The practicality aspect of this module was measured through a survey of teachers and students; meanwhile, the effectiveness was assessed using Effect Size. Findings: Data were collected through tests, questionnaires, and interviews. The study found that the project module was feasible based on the expertise assessment. From the fifth graders' classroom teacher's perspective, the module had met 87.5 of % items of practicality and was seen as handy and easy to implement (practical). The findings indicate that the module is a valid and practical tool for integrating sustainability values into primary education. The effectiveness of the implementation of the project module shows that the N-Gain score reaches 55.27% indicating a moderate effect according to Hake’s criteria. Conclusion: The project module is suitable for teaching environmental awareness and entrepreneurship to fifth graders, as it has been validated and practical, though it still needs adjustments to improve its effectiveness.
Keywords: project module, environmental care, entrepreneurship, sustainable lifestyle.
Anggraini, F. D. P., Aprianti, A., Setyawati, V. A. V., & Hartanto, A. A. (2022). Pembelajaran statistika menggunakan software SPSS untuk uji validitas dan reliabilitas [Statistics learning using SPSS software for validity and reliability testing]. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(4), 6491–6504. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3206
Asiati, S., & Hasanah, U. (2022). Implementasi projek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila di sekolah penggerak (Implementation of the pancasila student profile strengthening project in driving schools). Jurnal Lingkar Mutu Pendidikan, 19(2), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.54124/jlmp.v19i2.78
Asrori, M., & A. M. (2014). Metodologi & Aplikasi Riset Pendidikan.
Blass, E. (2018). Developing a curriculum for aspiring entrepreneurs: what do they really need to learn? In Journal of Entrepreneurship Education (Vol. 21, Issue 4).
Cañón-Vargas, A. M., Melo-Mora, S. P., & Sosa, E. (2025). School gardens as a research setting for early childhood children to strengthen their environmental awareness and scientific skills. Discover Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-025-00785-z
Comino, E., Dominici, L., Baldacchini, C., Barbero, S., & Ribotta, L. (2025). Multifunctional green wall in primary school. an integrated approach between academics and local governance to improve the educational environment. Nature-Based Solutions, 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100250
Damayanti, Y., & Nugrahanta, G. A. (2023). Menumbuhkan karakter senang belajar anak usia 10-12 tahun dengan buku pedoman permainan tradisional. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Flobamorata, 4(3), 773-783.Ephrem, A. N., & Murimbika, M. (2024). Development and validation of an individual entrepreneurial potential new measurement scale. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 26(1), 63–110. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRME-07-2022-0094
Floris, M., & Pillitu, D. (2019). Improving entrepreneurship education in primary schools: a pioneer project. International Journal of Educational Management, 33(6), 1148–1169. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-09-2018-0283
Işıkgöz, M. E. (2025). Mindfulness and sustainability competencies in physical education teachers: demographic factors as moderators. BMC Psychology, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02885-9
Kartini, H., & Winahyu, E. (2019). The role of school culture in the development of characters in elementary school. In the International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. www.ijicc.net (Vol. 5, Issue 4). www.ijicc.net
Khairuddin, A., Kasir, M., & Alhudawi, U. (2023). Implementasi profil pelajar pancasila dalam meningkatkan soft skill siswa Di SMA Negeri 7 Medan. Aptana: Jurnal Ilmu & humaniora, 1(1).
Kurniati, N., Halidjah, S., & Priyadi, A. T. (2023). Peran orang tua dalam implementasi kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar negeri 17 kabupaten sintang (The role of parents in implementing the independent curriculum in public elementary school 17, sintang regency). 112–117.
Lickona, T. (1991). Educating for character: how our schools can teach respect and responsibility.
Miller, L. B. (2025). From persuasion theory to climate action: insights and future directions for increasing climate-friendly behavior. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 17, Issue 7). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17072832
Ngatono, Al Ma’ruf, A. I., & Waston. (2024). Teacher empowerment in creative economy education: A Case Study at SD Ta’mirul Islam Surakarta, Indonesia. Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental, 18(6). https://doi.org/10.24857/RGSA.V18N6-090
Nugroho, A. S., Sumardjoko, B., Desstya, A., Minsih, & Choiriyah. (2023). Strengthening the character of caring for the environment in elementary schools through ecoprint artwork. International Journal of Elementary Education, 7(3), 394–402. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v7i3.56472
Pepin, M., & St-Jean, E. (2019). Assessing the impacts of school entrepreneurial initiatives: a quasi-experiment at the elementary school level. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(2), 273–288. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-07-2018-0224
Petkou, D., Kounani, A., Tsiouni, M., & Afedoulidou, E. (2025). Can sustainable schools influence environmental consciousness and behavior in early childhood? the perspectives of early childhood educators. Education Sciences, 15(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15070916
Rahayu, R., Rosita, R., Rahayuningsih, Y. S., Hernawan, A. H., & Prihantini, P. (2022). Implementasi kurikulum merdeka belajar di sekolah penggerak [Implementation of the independent learning curriculum in driving schools]. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(4), 6313–6319. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3237
Ratnaya, G., Indriaswuri, R., Widayanthi, D. G. C., Atmaja, I. M. P. D., & Dalem, A. A. G. P. K. P. (2022). CIPP evaluation model for vocational education: a critical review. Education Quarterly Reviews, 5(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1993.05.03.519
Septikasari, R., & Frasandy, R. N. (2018). Keterampilan 4C Abad 21 Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Dasar.
Shah, I. T., Ham, N. D., Lubega, H., Boswell, C. L., Liu, E. K., & Boynton-Jarrett, R. D. (2025). Perspectives from parents and clinicians on an ecology-focused approach to a group well-child care. BMC Primary Care, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-025-02718-z
Simón, J. D., & Vivaldo, L. C. (2022). Entrepreneurial education and transversal skills: a proposal for primary education. Estudios Pedagógicos, 48(1), 33–50. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-07052022000100033
Sinitkul, R., Wongrathanandha, C., Siriruttanapruk, S., Plitponkarnpim, A., Maude, R. J., & Marczylo, E. L. (2018). Children’s environmental health in thailand: past, present, and future. In Annals of Global Health (Vol. 84, Issue 3, pp. 306–329). Levy Library Press. https://doi.org/10.29024/aogh.2301
Slamet, A., Salam, S., Hasyim, B., Narti, N., Zarina, Z., Putri, E. A., Amalia, W. A., Hezradian, R. F., & Hezraria, R. F. (2025). Enhancing financial literacy and citizenship as pillars of social and economic sustainability in baubau city. BIO Web of Conferences, 180. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202518002003
Sri Wahyuni, E., Ganda Putri Panjaitan, R., Ningsih, K., Besse Tenriawaru, A., Fitri Yeni, L., Yuniarti, A., Fajri, H., Candramila, W., Daningsih, E., Nurdini Mardiyyaningsih, A., Rianita, D. Pelatihan pembuatan ecoprint bagi mahasiswa pendidikan biologi fkip untan pontianak. Agustus, 08(02).
Suci, Y. T. (2018). Menelaah teori vygotsky dan interdepedensi sosial sebagai landasan teori dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran kooperatif di sekolah dasar [Examining vygotsky’s theory and social interdependence as a theoretical basis for implementing cooperative learning in elementary schools].
Susilawati, C. W. O. O., Anggrayni, M., & Kustina, I. (2023). Pengembangan modul p5 (proyek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila) fase b tema kewirausahaan di sekolah dasar [Development of module p5 (pancasila student profile strengthening project) phase b entrepreneurship theme in elementary schools]. Journal of Social Science Research, 3, 9799–9812.
Syahrial, Asrial, Kurniawan, D. A., Kiska, N. D., & Damayanti, L. (2022). Teaching primary school students through local cultural games for improving positive characters. International Journal of Instruction, 15(3), 1047–1078. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15356a
Wardani, D. K., Wahyono, B., Indira, F. R., Rahmawati, D. R., & Andriyati, R. (2025). Circular economy in education: determinants of school recycling intentions and behaviors for inorganic waste. Cleaner Waste Systems, 100420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100420
Wulan, N. S., Iskandar, S., Nurbayan, Y., Fajrussalam, H., Hikmatunisa, N. P., Yogiarni, T., Ravy, H., & Nurdiansyah, N. (2026). Study correlation between science literacy and reading literacy: a study on prospective elementary teachers as an implementation Of SDGs. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2026017
Yusuf, F. A., & Fajari, L. E. W. (2025). Character quality development in future-oriented education: a case study of indonesian nature-based schools. Educational Process: International Journal, 14. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.14.29
Zupan, B., Cankar, F., & Setnikar Cankar, S. (2018). The development of an entrepreneurial mindset in primary education. European Journal of Education, 53(3), 427–439. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12293
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View My Stats